A Economia da Atividade Física em Países de Baixa e Média Renda: Protocolo Para Uma Revisão Sistemática

Introdução Evidências sobre os custos econômicos de inatividade física e a relação custo-eficácia dos intervenções em atividades de  países baixa renda e renda média e em desenvolvimento (LMICs) são esparsos e fragmentados. Estão disponíveis. Esta é a primeira revisão destinada a resumir evidências disponíveis sobre economia da atividade física em LMICs, identificar possíveis variáveis de recomendações para a política e identificar e relatar lacunas no conhecimento atual sobre economia da atividade física em LMICs.

Métodos e análises Artigos de periódicos revisados por pares, experimentais, quase-experimentais e estudos de método misto sobre economia da atividade física nos LMICs serão identificados por uma pesquisa nas bases de dados; Scopus, Web of Science e SPORTDiscus. Websites da OMS, o Instituto Nacional de Saúde e Cuidados Excelência internacional, Banco Mundial e listas de referência de estudos. O processo de seleção do estudo será uma abordagem em duas etapas; título e resumo para inclusão, seguido por uma revisão de artigos de texto completo selecionados por dois revisores. Os desacordos serão resolvidos por consenso e discussão com um terceiro revisor. Os dados serão extraídos usando formulários de extração de dados pilotados padronizados. Risco de preconceito será avaliado criticamente usando listas de verificação padrão com base em projetos de estudo. Síntese descritiva de dados é planejado. Quando relevante, os resumos dos estudos serão classificados de acordo com o tipo de análise econômica, categoria país ou país, população, intervenção, comparador, desfecho e desenho do estudo. Meta-análise será realizada quando apropriado. Este protocolo para A revisão sistemática é preparada de acordo com as Itens de Relatórios para Revisão Sistemática e Meta-análise para o protocolo - declaração 2015 .

Ética e divulgação A aprovação ética não será exigida já ue não serão coletados dados como parte esta revisão. A revisão completa será submetida para publicação em uma revista revisada por pares e apresentada em conferências.

References
1. World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2010.

2. World Health Organization. Physical activity [Fact Sheet – Media centre]. 2017 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs385/en/(Accessed 6 Feb 2018).

3. Murray CJ, Barber RM, Foreman KJ, et al. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 188 countries, 1990-2013: quantifying the epidemiological transition. Lancet 2015;386:2145–91.

4. Bank W. World bank country and lending groups: country classification. 2017 https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lendinggroups (Accessed 1st Dec 2017).

5. Abegunde DO, Mathers CD, Adam T, et al. The burden and costs of chronic diseases in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet 2007;370:1929–38.

6. Hallal PC, Andersen LB, Bull FC, et al. Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet 2012;380:247–57.

7. WHO. Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults, data by world bank income groups. 2015 http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.2487?lang=en (Accessed 29th Jan 2018).

8. WHO. Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks. ISBN 978 92 4 156387 1. 2009. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GlobalHealthRisks_report_full.pdf (Accessed 25th Jan 2018).

9. Atkinson K, Lowe S, Moore S. Human development, occupational structure and physical inactivity among 47 low and middle income countries. Prev Med Rep 2016;3:40–5.

10. Oldridge NB. Economic burden of physical inactivity: healthcare costs associated with cardiovascular disease. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2008;15:130–9.

11. Islam SM, Purnat TD, Phuong NT, et al. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in developing countries: a symposium report. Global Health 2014;10:81.

12. Sturm R. Economics and physical activity: a research agenda. Am J Prev Med 2005;28:141–9.

13. Ding D, Kolbe-Alexander T, Nguyen B, et al. The economic burden
of physical inactivity: a systematic review and critical appraisal. Br J Sports Med 2017;51:1392–409.

14. Barte JCM, Wendel-Vos GCW. A systematic review of financial
incentives for physical activity: the effects on physical activity and
related outcomes. Behav Med 2017;43:79–90.

15. Abu-Omar K, Rütten A, Burlacu I, et al. The cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions: a systematic review of reviews. Prev Med Rep 2017;8:72–8.  on 21 January 2019 by guest. Protected by copyright. http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022686 on 17 January 2019. Downloaded from  6 Ranasinghe PD, et al. BMJ Open 2019;9:e022686. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022686 Open access

16. Brown V, Zapata Diomedi B, Moodie M, et al. A systematic review of economic analyses of active transport interventions that include physical activity benefits. BMJ Open 2016;45.

17. Pavey TG, Taylor AH, Fox KR, et al. Effect of exercise referral schemes in primary care on physical activity and improving health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2011;343:d6462.

18. Campbell F, Holmes M, Everson-Hock E, et al. A systematic review and economic evaluation of exercise referral schemes in primary care: a short report. Health Technol Assess 2015;19:1–110.

19. Suhrcke M, Boluarte TA, Niessen L. A systematic review of economic evaluations of interventions to tackle cardiovascular disease in lowand middle-income countries. BMC Public Health 2012;12:2.

20. Kaltenthaler E, Tappenden P, Paisley S. Reviewing the evidence to inform the population of cost-effectiveness models within health technology assessments. Value Health 2013;16:830–6.

21. Zechmeister-Koss I, Schnell-Inderst P, Zauner G. Appropriate evidence sources for populating decision analytic models within health technology assessment (HTA): a systematic review of HTA manuals and health economic guidelines. Med Decis Making 2014;34:288–99.

22. NICE. The guideline manual process and methods (PMG6): NICE, 2012.

23. Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. [Research Support, Non-U S Gov’t Research Support, U S Gov’t, P H S]. Syst Rev 2015;4:2046–4053.

24. WHO. Physical Activity. [Fact sheet]. 2018 http://www.who.int/en/ news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity (Accessed 15th Jan 2018).

25. WHO. Global Strategy on Diet, Physical activity and Health. 2018. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/pa/en/ (Accessed 6th Oct 2018).

26. University of York. Systematic reviews: CRD’s guidance for undertaking reviews in health care. York: University of York, 2009.

27. Milton K, Macniven R, Bauman A. Review of the epidemiological evidence for physical activity and health from low- and middleincome countries. Glob Public Health 2014;9:369–81.

28. Nosratnejad S, Rashidian A, Dror DM. Systematic review of willingness to pay for health insurance in low and middle income countries. PLoS One 2016;11:e0157470.

29. Burnham JF. Scopus database: a review. Biomed Digit Libr 2006;3:1742–5581.

30. Lachat C, Otchere S, Roberfroid D, et al. Diet and physical activity for the prevention of noncommunicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic policy review. PLoS Med 2013;10:e1001465.

31. Hunter RF, Christian H, Veitch J, et al. The impact of interventions to promote physical activity in urban green space: a systematic review and recommendations for future research. Soc Sci Med 2015;124:246–56.

32. Sutton L, Karan A, Mahal A. Evidence for cost-effectiveness of lifestyle primary preventions for cardiovascular disease in the Asia-Pacific Region: a systematic review. Global Health 2014;10:79.

33. Santatiwongchai B, Chantarastapornchit V, Wilkinson T, et al. Methodological variation in economic evaluations conducted in low- and middle-income countries: information for reference case development. PLoS One 2015;10:e0123853.

34. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. [Guideline Research Support, Non-U S Gov’t]. J Clin Epidemiol  2009;62:1006–12.

35. Pokhrel S, Quigley MA, Fox-Rushby J, et al. Potential economic impacts from improving breastfeeding rates in the UK. [Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t]. Arch Dis Child 2015;100:334–40.

36. Murthy S, John D, Godinho IP, et al. A protocol for a systematic review of economic evaluation studies conducted on neonatal systemic infections in South Asia. Syst Rev 2017;6:252.

37. Aminde LN, Veerman L. Interventions for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: a protocol for a systematic review of economic evaluations in low-income and middle-income countries. BMJ Open 2016;6:e013668.

38. Ruifrok AE, Rogozinska E, van Poppel MN, et al. Study protocol: differential effects of diet and physical activity based interventions in pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes--individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis and health economic evaluation. Syst Rev 2014;3:131.

39. Gc V, Wilson EC, Suhrcke M, et al. Are brief interventions to increase physical activity cost-effective? A systematic review. Br J Sports ed 2016;50:408–17.

40. Tonmukayakul U, Calache H, Clark R, et al. Systematic review and quality appraisal of economic evaluation publications in dentistry. J Dent Res 2015;94:1348–54.

41. Drummond MF, Jefferson TO. Guidelines for authors and peer reviewers of economic submissions to the BMJ. BMJ 1996;313:275–83.

42. Philips Z, Ginnelly L, Sculpher M, et al. Review of guidelines for good practice in decision-analytic modelling in health technology assessment. Health Technol Assess 2004;8:1–158.

43. Larg A, Moss JR. Cost-of-illness studies: a guide to critical evaluation. [Research Support, Non-U S Gov’t]. Pharmacoeconomics 2011;29:653–71.

44. National Institute for Health and Excellence (NICE). Methods for the development of NICE public health guidance (third edition), Appendix G Quality appraisal checklist-quantitative studies reporting correlations and associations. 2012 https://www.nice.org.uk/
process/pmg4/chapter/appendix-g-quality-appraisal-checklistquantitative-studies-reporting-correlations-and (Accessed 2nd Jan 2018).

45. World Health Organization. Non communicable diseases and their risk factors, governance: Development of draft global action plan to promote physical activity, 2018

Acessar Arquivo