A efetividade do treinamento muscular respiratório em nadadores competitivos: uma revisão sistemática

O treinamento muscular respiratório pode otimizar a função pulmonar, contribuindo para a melhora do desempenho de nadadores competitivos. No entanto, há uma escassez de estudos que investigaram o impacto do treinamento muscular respiratório especificamente em nadadores. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a eficácia do treinamento dos músculos respiratórios sobre a força dos músculos respiratórios, função pulmonar, desempenho na natação e capacidade aeróbica em nadadores competitivos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, conduzida de acordo com os critérios PRISMA e registrada no PROSPERO. Um total de 629 artigos foi encontrado como resultado da estratégia de busca baseada no modelo PICO. Após a rigorosa aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, 13 artigos foram incluídos nesta revisão. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram uma melhora significativa nos valores de pressão inspiratória máxima; não foram observadas alterações significativas nos parâmetros gerais de função pulmonar; houve melhora no desempenho na natação e não foram observadas mudanças relevantes na capacidade aeróbica dos nadadores competitivos. Conclusão: O treinamento dos músculos respiratórios foi eficaz em aumentar a força dos músculos respiratórios, especialmente dos músculos inspiratórios, e contribuiu positivamente para o desempenho esportivo dos nadadores. No entanto, esse treinamento não demonstrou eficácia na melhora da função pulmonar geral nem da capacidade aeróbica dos atletas.

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