Resumo

Pessoas com um maior senso de propósito na vida podem ser mais propensas a se envolver em atividades físicas. Ao mesmo tempo, a atividade física pode contribuir para um senso de propósito na vida. A presente pesquisa testa essas hipóteses usando um modelo de painel cross-lag em um painel longitudinal representativo nacionalmente de adultos americanos (N = 14.159, Mago = 68). Um aumento no senso de propósito na vida foi associado a uma maior atividade física quatro anos depois, acima e além dos níveis de atividade anteriores. A atividade física foi positivamente associada a níveis futuros de senso de propósito na vida, controlando os níveis anteriores de propósito na vida. Resultados realizados em um segundo painel nacional dos Estados Unidos com um acompanhamento de nove anos (N = 4.041, Mago = 56). Os resultados demonstram uma relação bidirecional entre senso de propósito na vida e atividade física em grandes amostras de adultos de meia-idade e idosos acompanhados ao longo do tempo

Referências

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191

Bauman, A. E., Reis, R. S., Sallis, J. F., Wells, J. C., Loos, R. J., Martin, B. W., & Group LPASW. (2012). Correlates of physical activity: Why are some people physically active and others not? The Lancet, 380, 258–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60735-1

Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893

Beck, F., Gillison, F., & Standage, M. (2010). A theoretical investigation of the development of physical activity habits in retirement. British Journal of Health Psychology, 15(3), 663–679. https://doi.org/10.1348/135910709X479096

Boehm, J. K., Soo, J., Zevon, E. S., Chen, Y., Kim, E. S., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2018). Longitudinal associations between psychological well-being and the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Health Psychology, 37, 959–967. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000643

Bundick, M. J. (2011). The benefits of reflecting on and discussing purpose in life in emerging adulthood. New Directions for Youth Development, 89, 103. https://doi.org/10.1002/yd.430

Chen, Y., Kim, E. S., Shields, A. E., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2020). Antecedents of purpose in life: Evidence from a lagged exposure-wide analysis. Cogent Psychology, 7(1), 1825043. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2020.1825043

Cotter, K. A., & Lachman, M. E. (2010). No strain, no gain: Psycho-social predictors of physical activity across the adult lifespan. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 7, 584–594. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.7.5.584

Enders, C. K., & Bandalos, D. L. (2001). The relative performance of full information maximum likelihood estimation for missing data in structural equation models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 8, 430–457. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0803_5

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2005). Theory-based behavior change interventions: Comments on hobbis and sutton. Journal of Health Psychology, 10, 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105305048552

Forest, J., Mageau, G. A., Crevier-Braud, L., Bergeron, É., Dubreuil, P., & Lavigne, G. L. (2012). Harmonious passion as an explanation of the relation between signature strengths’ use and well-being at work: Test of an intervention program. Human Relations, 65, 1233–1252. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726711433134

Frankl, V. E. (1984). Man’s search for meaning. . Simon and Schuster.

Friedman, E. M., Ruini, C., Foy, R., Jaros, L., Sampson, H., & Ryff, C. D. (2017). Lighten UP! A community-based group intervention to promote psychological well-being in older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 21, 199–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2015.1093605

Friedman, E. M., & Ryff, C. D. (2012). Living well with medical comorbidities: A biopsychosocial perspective. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 67(5), 535–544. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbr152.

Health and Retirement Study. (2006). Public use dataset produced and distributed by the University of Michigan with funding from the National Institute on Aging (grant number NIA U01AG009740). Ann Arbor, MI.

Hill, P. L., Edmonds, G. W., & Hampson, S. E. (2017). A purposeful lifestyle is a healthful lifestyle: Linking sense of purpose to self-rated health through multiple health behaviors. Journal of Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317708251

Hill, P. L., & Turiano, N. A. (2014). Purpose in life as a predictor of mortality across adulthood. Psychological Science, 25, 1482–1486. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614531799

Hill, P. L., & Weston, S. J. (2017). Evaluating eight-year trajectories for sense of purpose in the health and retirement study. Aging & Mental Health. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1399344

Holahan, C. K., Holahan, C. J., & Suzuki, R. (2008). Purposiveness, physical activity, and perceived health in cardiac patients. Disability and Rehabilitation, 30, 1772–1778. https://doi.org/10.1080/10428190701661508

Holahan, C. K., Holahan, C. J., Velasquez, K. E., Jung, S., North, R. J., & Pahl, S. A. (2011). Purposiveness and leisure-time physical activity in women in early midlife. Women & Health, 51, 661–675. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2011.617811

Holahan, C. K., & Suzuki, R. (2006). Motivational factors in health promoting behavior in later aging. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 30, 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1300/J016v30n01_03

Hooker, S. A., & Masters, K. S. (2016). Purpose in life is associated with physical activity measured by accelerometer. Journal of Health Psychology, 21, 962–971. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314542822

Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118

Jelicić, H., Phelps, E., & Lerner, R. M. (2009). Use of missing data methods in longitudinal studies: The persistence of bad practices in developmental psychology. Developmental Psychology, 45, 1195–1199. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015665

Jenkins, K., Ofstedal, M., Weir, D., & Weir, D. (2008). Documentation of Health Behaviors and Risk Factors Measured in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS/AHEAD). Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Retrieved Jan 13, 2021 https://hrs.isr.umich.edu/sites/default/files/biblio/dr-010.pdf

Kahneman, D., Diener, E., & Schwarz, N. (1999). Well-Being: Foundations of Hedonic Psychology. . Russell Sage Foundation.

Kämpfen, F., & Maurer, J. (2016). Time to burn (calories)? The impact of retirement on physical activity among mature Americans. Journal of Health Economics, 45, 91–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.12.001

Kelloway, E. K. (1995). Structural equation modelling in perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 215–224. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030160304

Kim, E. S., Kubzansky, L. D., Soo, J., & Boehm, J. K. (2017). Maintaining healthy behavior: A prospective study of psychological well-being and physical activity. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 51, 337–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9856-y

Kim, E. S., Shiba, K., Boehm, J. K., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2020). Sense of purpose in life and five health behaviors in older adults. Preventive Medicine, 139, 106172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106172

Kim, E. S., Strecher, V. J., & Ryff, C. D. (2014). Purpose in life and use of preventive health care services. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111, 16331–16336. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414826111

Kim, E. S., Sun, J. K., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2013). Purpose in life and reduced incidence of stroke in older adults: “The health and retirement study.” Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 74, 427–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.01.013

Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Kosteli, M.-C., Williams, S. E., & Cumming, J. (2016). Investigating the psychosocial determinants of physical activity in older adults: A qualitative approach. Psychology & Health, 31(6), 730–749. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2016.1143943

Kubzansky, L. D., Huffman, J. C., Boehm, J. K., Hernandez, R., Kim, E. S., Koga, H. K., Feig, E. H., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Seligman, M. E. P., & Labarthe, D. R. (2018). Positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular disease | Elsevier enhanced reader. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 72, 1382–1396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.042

Lear, S. A., Hu, W., Rangarajan, S., Gasevic, D., Leong, D., Iqbal, R., Casanova, A., Swaminathan, S., Anjana, R. M., Kumar, R., Rosengren, A., Wei, L., Yang, W., Chuangshi, W., Huaxing, L., Nair, S., Diaz, R., Swidon, H., Gupta, R., & Yusuf, S. (2017). The effect of physical activity on mortality and cardiovascular disease in 130 000 people from 17 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: The PURE study. The Lancet, 390, 2643–2654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31634-3

Mavaddat, N., Kinmonth, A. L., Sanderson, S., Surtees, P., Bingham, S., & Khaw, K. T. (2011). What determines self-rated health (SRH)? A cross-sectional study of SF-36 health domains in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 65, 800–806. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.090845

McDowell, C. P., Dishman, R. K., Gordon, B. R., & Herring, M. P. (2019). Physical activity and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 57, 545–556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2019.05.012

Medina, L., Sabo, S., & Vespa, J. (2020). Living Longer: Historical and Projected Life Expectancy in the United States, 1960 to 2060. Current Population Reports, P25–1145, US Census Bureau. Retrieved Jan 13 2021, from, https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2020/demo/p25-1145.pdf

Morgan, G. S., Willmott, M., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Haase, A. M., & Campbell, R. M. (2019). A life fulfilled: Positively influencing physical activity in older adults—a systematic review and meta-ethnography. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 362. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6624-5

Pinquart, M. (2001). Correlates of subjective health in older adults: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 16, 414–426. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.16.3.414

Radler, B. T. (2014). The Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) series: A national longitudinal study of health and well-being. Open Health Data. https://doi.org/10.5334/ohd.ai

Radler, B. T., & Ryff, C. D. (2010). Who participates? Accounting for longitudinal retention in the MIDUS national study of health and well-being. Journal of Aging and Health, 22, 307–331. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264309358617

Rhodes, R. E., & de Bruijn, G.-J. (2013). How big is the physical activity intention-behaviour gap? A meta-analysis using the action control framework. British Journal of Health Psychology, 18, 296–309. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12032

Rhodes, R. E., Plotnikoff, R. C., & Courneya, K. S. (2008). Predicting the physical activity intention-behavior profiles of adopters and maintainers using three social cognition models. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 36, 244–252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-008-9071-6

Rhodes, R. E., Janssen, I., Bredin, S. S. D., Warburton, D. E. R., & Bauman, A. (2017). Physical activity: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychology & Health, 32, 942–975. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2017.1325486

Robinson, S. A., Bisson, A. N., Hughes, M. L., Ebert, J., & Lachman, M. E. (2019). Time for change: Using implementation intentions to promote physical activity in a randomised pilot trial. Psychology & Health, 34, 232–254. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2018.1539487

Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069.

Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719

Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (1998). The contours of positive human health. Psychological Inquiry, 9, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0901_1

Sallis, J. F., Bull, F., Guthold, R., Heath, G. W., Inoue, S., Kelly, P., Oyeyemi, A. L., Perez, L. G., Richards, J., & Hallal, P. C. (2016). Progress in physical activity over the Olympic quadrennium. The Lancet, 388, 1325–1336. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30581-5

Schuch, F. B., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Ward, P. B., Silva, E. S., Hallgren, M., Ponce De Leon, A., Dunn, A. L., Deslandes, A. C., Fleck, M. P., Carvalho, A. F., & Stubbs, B. (2018). Physical activity and incident depression: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175, 631–648. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17111194

Sniehotta, F. F., Schwarzer, R., Scholz, U., & Schüz, B. (2005). Action planning and coping planning for long-term lifestyle change: Theory and assessment. European Journal of Social Psychology, 35, 565–576. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.258

Sonnega, A., Faul, J. D., Ofstedal, M. B., Langa, K. M., Phillips, J. W., & Weir, D. R. (2014). Cohort profile: The health and retirement study (HRS). International Journal of Epidemiology, 43, 576–585. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu067

Springer, K. W., Pudrovska, T., & Hauser, R. M. (2011). Does psychological well-being change with age?: Longitudinal tests of age variations and further exploration of the multidimensionality of Ryff’s model of psychological well-being. Social Science Research, 40, 392–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2010.05.008

Troiano, R. P., Berrigan, D., Dodd, K. W., MâSse, L. C., Tilert, T., & Mcdowell, M. (2008). Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 40, 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31815a51b3

US Department of Health and Human Services. 2018. Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, 2nd edition. Retrieved Jan 13, 2021 https://health.gov/sites/default/files/2019-09/Physical_Activity_Guidelines_2nd_edition.pdf

VanderWeele, T. J., Jackson, J. W., & Li, S. (2016). Causal inference and longitudinal data: A case study of religion and mental health. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51, 1457–1466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1281-9

Wang, P. S., Berglund, P., & Kessler, R. C. (2000). Recent care of common mental disorders in the United States. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 15, 284–292. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.9908044.x

Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063–1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063

Windsor, T. D., Curtis, R. G., & Luszcz, M. A. (2015). Sense of purpose as a psychological resource for aging well. Developmental Psychology, 51, 975–986. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000023

Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data. MIT press.

Zhang, Z., & Chen, W. (2019). A systematic review of the relationship between physical activity and happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20, 1305–1322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-018-9976-0

.
 

Acessar