Aerobic physical exercise modifies prostatic tumoral environment

Exercise is recognized for its potential role in reducing the risk of certain cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this risk reduction are not fully understood. We hypothesized that aerobic physical exercise induces cancer attenuating effects through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Objective: Investigate if aerobic physical exercise accts against cancer and modulate the prostatic environment tumoral. Methodology: To test this hypothesis, twenty male Sprague Dawley rats with chemically induced prostate tumors were divided into two groups: prostate cancer in the absence (PC) or exercise presence (PC+Ex). Twenty rats received a single dose of 65 mg/kg of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA), the cancer induction period lasted for 91 days, and the animals received standard chow and water ad libitum. The samples were used for biochemical, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry analysis. Rats in the PC+Ex group performed exercises on a treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, at an intensity of 60% of maximum capacity. This study was approved by CEUA guidelines on protocol number 02/2020. Statistical analyzes were obtained using the test t Student, with p≤0.05. Results: Aerobic physical exercise significantly decreased prostate cell proliferation (p<0.05) across modulation, tumor size, and prostate weight. The PC+Ex group also significantly reduced anti-apoptosis protein expression (p<0.05) and increased pro-apoptotic protein expression. Furthermore, physical exercise increased enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the prostate, plasma, and whole blood. Moreover, PC+Ex reduced lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels (p<0.05). In the prostate, there was an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), and a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and