Association Between Sociodemographic, Dietary, And Substance Use Factors And Accelerometer-measured 24-hour Movement Behaviors In Adolescents

Introduction: The 24-hour movement behaviors are composed of physical activity of light (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) intensity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration. A significant body of evidence indicates that these behaviors are related to several health outcomes during adolescence. Considering the low engagement in physical activity, high involvement in sedentary behaviors, and high prevalence of short sleep duration amongst adolescents, identifying factors associated with each of the 24-hour movement behaviors can better inform policies, interventions, and practice. Objective: The aim was to examine the association between sociodemographic, dietary, and substance use factors with accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviors in a sample of Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Adolescents from three schools reported sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), family structure, dietary behaviors, and substance use behaviors. Sleep duration, sedentary behavior, LPA, and MVPA were estimated with wrist-worn Actigraph accelerometers worn over 7 days and for 24 hours per day. Activities were classified by applying cutoffs of Hildebrand et al. (2014) on accelerometer raw data, and sleep was estimated using the Heuristic algorithm looking at the Distribution of Change in Z-Angle. Multilevel linear regression models were used to test associations. All analyzes were conducted on the lme4 package in R. Results: 615 adolescents provided valid accelerometer data and were included in the present analyses (51%girls,16.3±1.0years).Femalessleptmore(β=21.09,95%CI13.18;28.98), engagedinmoreLPA(β=17.60,95%CI8.50;27.13),andengagedinlesssedentarybehavior (β=-16.82, 95%CI -30.01;-4.30) and MVPA (β=-4.76, 95%CI -7.48;-1.96) than males. Age and sedentary behavior were positively associated (β=8.60, 95%CI 2.53;14.64). Unprocessed food was positively related to LPA (β=2.21, 95%CI 0.55;3.92), while processed food was positively related to sedentary behavior (β=3.73, 95%CI 0.03;7.38) and inversely related to MVPA (β=-0.89, 95%CI -1.68;-0.10). Family structure, SES, and substance use factors were not significantly associated with any of the 24-hour movement behaviors. Conclusion: Sex, age, and dietary behaviors, but not SES or substance use, were associated with 24-hour movement behaviors in this sample of Brazilian adolescents, and are important factors to consider in future interventions, policies, and in practice.

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