Correlatos Entre Ambiente Físico e Atividade Física nos Países em Desenvolvimento: Uma Revisão

Antecedentes: Doenças não-transmissíveis e obesidade são considerados problemas de países ricos e desenvolvidos. Estas condições estão aumentando dramaticamente nos países em desenvolvimento. A maioria das pesquisas existentes sobre o papel do ambiente físico para apoiar a atividade física examina apenas os países desenvolvidos. 
Objetivos: Esta revisão identifica os fatores do ambiente físico que estão associados à atividade física nos países em desenvolvimento. 
Métodos: Esta revisão é modelada em uma revisão altamente citada por Saelens e Handy em 2008. A revisão atual analisa os resultados de 159 estudos empíricos nos 138 países em desenvolvimento.
Resultados: Os resultados discutem a associação de características do ambiente físico e atividade física para todos os países em desenvolvimento e identificam os padrões dentro das regiões. A revisão apoia a associação da segurança do trânsito com a atividade física para o transporte. Residência rural (versus urbana), distância a usos não-residenciais do solo e características "compostas" do ambiente físico estão associados à atividade física geral. A residência rural (versus urbana) está associada à atividade física para o trabalho.
Conclusões: É necessária mais pesquisa sobre associações entre o ambiente físico e a atividade física nos países em desenvolvimento. A pesquisa deve identificar características específicas do ambiente físico em áreas urbanas que estão associadas a maior atividade níveis. (Trad. Fabio Carvalho)

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