Dados de Atividade Física em Larga Escala Revelam Desigualdade na Atividade Mundial
Por Tim Althoff (Autor), Rok Sosič (Autor), Jennifer L. Hicks (Autor), Abby C. King (Autor), Scott L. Delp (Autor), Jure Leskovec (Autor).
Resumo
Para poder conter a pandemia global de inatividade física1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 e os 5,3 milhões de mortes por ano2 associados, precisamos entender os princípios básicos que regem a atividade física. No entanto, há uma falta de medidas em larga escala de padrões de atividade física em populações de vida livre em todo o mundo1, 6. Aqui, nós utilizamos o uso amplo de smartphones com acelerometria interna para medir a atividade física na escala global. Estudamos um conjunto de dados consistindo de 68 milhões de dias de atividade física para 717.527 pessoas, dando-nos uma janela em atividade em 111 países em todo o mundo. Encontramos desigualdade na forma como a actividade é distribuída nos países e que esta desigualdade é um melhor preditor da prevalência da obesidade na população do que o volume médio de atividade. A redução da atividade nas mulheres contribui para uma grande parte da desigualdade de atividade observada. Os aspectos do ambiente construído, como a capacidade de caminhada de uma cidade, estão associados a uma menor diferença de gênero na atividade e menor desigualdade na atividade. Em cidades mais transitáveis, a atividade é maior ao longo do dia e ao longo da semana, em todos os grupos de idade, gênero e índice de massa corporal (IMC), com os maiores aumentos de atividade encontrados para as mulheres. Nossas descobertas têm implicações para a política global de saúde pública e o planejamento urbano e destacam o papel da desigualdade na atividade e do meio ambiente construído na melhoria da atividade física e da saúde.
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