Resumo

Introdução: Face a importância do preparo dos militares para o cumprimento de suas atribuições na MINUSTAH, os combatentes do Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais da Marinha do Brasil apresentaram diversas dificuldades para realizarem atividade física.

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores determinantes da aplicação e manutenção do treinamento físico em militares que integraram um Componente de Combate Terrestre da MINUSTAH, do Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais.

Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, com participação de 84 militares voluntários que compuseram diferentes contingentes da MINUSTAH. A aplicação se deu pelo programa Survey Monkey, composto por seis perguntas diretas, tipo múltipla escolha, com seis itens, sendo somente permitido marcar uma resposta. O tratamento dos dados  foi realizado na plataforma BioEstat 5.3, com distribuição da frequência de valores em absolutos e relativos.

Resultados: No período pré-missão, a maior dificuldade foi o pouco tempo disponível para prática de treinamento físico militar (46,43%). No Haiti, 30,95% relataram necessidade de se preservar para as atividades correntes da missão. Nos momentos iniciais da missão, a disfunção comum percebida foi a falta de condicionamento cardiorrespiratório (33,33% dos militares), seguida por dores nas costas 27,38%.

Conclusão: No período pré-missão a falta de tempo foi a causa principal relacionada como dificuldade para a preparação física dos militares e, durante a missão, a prioridade foi a auto preservação face às necessidades operacionais. Os resultados foram analisados e foram feitas recomendações.

Determinants of Military Physical Training in MINUSTAH Mission military personnel (pre, during and post-mission periods): a retrospective study

Introduction: Given the importance of preparing the military for the accomplishment of their duties in MINUSTAH, the Marines of the Navy of Brazil presented several difficulties in carrying out physical activity.

Objective: To identify the determinants of the application and maintenance of physical training in military personnel that integrate a Marine Combat Component of MINUSTAH.

Methods: A descriptive, exploratory research was carried out, with the participation of 84 volunteers who composed different MINUSTAH contingents. The application was given by the Survey Monkey program, which consists of six direct questions, multiple choice, with six items, and only one answer is allowed. Data processing was performed on the BioEstat 5.3 platform, with frequency distribution of absolute and relative values.

Results: In the pre-mission period, the greatest difficulty was the little time available to practice PMT (46.43%). In Haiti, 30.95% reported a need to preserve themselves for the ongoing activities of the mission. In the initial moments of the mission, the perceived common dysfunction was the lack of cardiorespiratory conditioning (33.33%), followed by back pain (27.38%).

Conclusion: Conclusion: In the pre-mission period the lack of time was the main cause related to the difficulty of the physical preparation of the military, and during the mission, the priority was self-preservation in view of operational needs. The results were analyzed, and recommendations were made.

PDF

Referências

American College of Sports Medicine. Manual do ACSM para avaliação da aptidão física relacionada à saúde (3a. ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Grupo Gen - Guanabara Koogan; 2000. 192 p.

Maroulakis E, Zervas Y. Effects of aerobic exercise on mood of adult women. Perceptual and Motor Skills. [Online] 1993;76(3 Pt 1): 795–801. Available from: doi:10.2466/pms.1993.76.3.795

Stavisky G, Cruz WW. Aspectos motivadores e desmotivadores e a atratividade das aulas de Educação Física na percepção de alunos e alunas. Educação física y Deportes. 2008;13(119). Available from: https://www.efdeportes.com/efd119/aspectos-motivadores-e-desmotivadores-das-aulas-de-educacao-fisica.htm [Accessed: 21st December 2018]

Kaufman KR, Brodine S, Shaffer R. Military training-related injuries: surveillance, research, and prevention. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2000;18(3 Suppl): 54–63.

Bompa TO, Haff G. Periodization: Theory and Methodology of Training. Human Kinetics; 2009. 426 p.

American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Edição: Tenth. Philadelphia: LWW; 2017.

Teyhen DS, Goffar SL, Pendergrass TL, Shaffer SW, Butler N. Overcoming Barriers to Injury Prevention in the Military. In: Cameron KL, Owens BD (eds.) Musculoskeletal Injuries in the Military. [Online] New York, NY: Springer New York; 2016. p. 287–313. Available from: doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2984-9_16 [Accessed: 21st December 2018]

Ntoumanis N, Quested E, Reeve J. Need supportive communication: Implications for motivation in sport, exercise, and physical activity. Persuasion and communication in sport, exercise, and physical activity. [Online] Routledge; 2017. p. 155–169. Available from: https://espace.curtin.edu.au/handle/20.500.11937/63158 [Accessed: 21st December 2018]

Cowan D, H Jones B, Shaffer R. Musculoskeletal injuries in the military training environment - Cap 10. Military Preventive Medicine: Mobilization and Deployment. Washington, DC: United States Department of Defense; 2003. p. 724.

Gray SE, Finch CF. Epidemiology of hospital-treated injuries sustained by fitness participants. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. [Online] 2015;86(1): 81–87. Available from: doi:10.1080/02701367.2014.975177

Gabbett TJ, Kennelly S, Sheehan J, Hawkins R, Milsom J, King E, et al. If overuse injury is a ‘training load error’, should undertraining be viewed the same way? British Journal of Sports Medicine. [Online] 2016;50(17): 1017–1018. Available from: doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096308

Jones BH, Hauschild VD. Physical Training, Fitness, and Injuries: Lessons Learned From Military Studies. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. [Online] 2015;29 Suppl 11: S57-64. Available from: doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000001115

Garrison M, Dembowski S, Shepard N. Sports and Exercise-Related Injuries in the Military. In: Cameron KL, Owens BD (eds.) Musculoskeletal Injuries in the Military. [Online] New York, NY: Springer New York; 2016. p. 43–60. Available from: doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2984-9_4 [Accessed: 21st December 2018]

Acessar