Introduction

Given the dearth of longitudinal data, particularly in Greek paediatric populations, the purpose of this study was to annually investigate the effects of lifestyle parameters on factors of CHD risk in Greek schoolchildren as they progressed from age 12 to 14. It has been argued that, unlike the cross-sectional experimental designs [1,2], longitudinal studies [3,4] are better methods for establishing the causal nature of given associations.

Methods

During the three-year period, volunteers were annually [n = 210 (1^st year); = 204 (2^nd year); = 198 (3^rd year)] subjected to anthropometrical, maturity status, aerobic fitness, fat intake, physical activity and CHD risk factor assessments.

Results

Multilevel regression analyses revealed significant associations between all six CHD risk factors and physical activity (P<0.01 - P<0.001), compared with only one of six for fitness (P<0.01) and fatness and none of six for fat intake.

 

Table 1. P-values associating physical activity and aerobic fitness with CHD risk factors

	HDL-C	HDL-C/TC	LDL-C	TG	SBP	DBP
Physical Activity	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.01	P<0.001	P<0.001
Aerobic Fitness	NS	NS	P<0.01	NS	NS	NS
Fatness	NS	NS	NS	NS	P<0.01	NS

 

Discussion/Conclusion

Compared to fitness, fatness and/or fat intake, the present paediatric data suggest a more consistent causal association between physical activity levels and selected primary CHD risk factors. Within the study’s limitations, this finding proclaims that primary prevention strategies for CHD risk should aim at effective habitual physical activity interventions early in life, if future CHD risk of the Greek population is to be controlled.

 

References

[1]. McMurray R.G. et al.(2002). J Adolesc Health 31:125-132