Participação dos atletas jovens nos campeonatos portugueses de atletismo sénior de pista realizados de 1990 a 2019

Caracterizar a participação dos atletas jovens nos Campeonatos de Portugal de atletismo em pista coberta (PC) e ar livre (AL) e quantificar a probabilidade de os atletas jovens participarem, serem finalistas ou medalhados nas disciplinas que caracterizam os Campeonatos de Portugal de atletismo.
MÉTODOS: Neste estudo descritivo retrospetivo (1990 a 2019), consideram-se 2576 atletas (feminino, n=1088; masculino, n=1488). A probabilidade dos atletas jovens (Sub18, Sb20, Sub21 ou Sub23) serem participantes, finalistas ou medalhados em cada uma das disciplinas dos Campeonatos de Portugal, foi avaliada com recurso ao cálculo do rácio de chances (OR).
RESULTADOS: Observou-se (i) uma participação >70% de atletas jovens nos Campeonatos de Portugal, e (ii) menos de metade desses jovens atletas participaram nos Campeonatos de Portugal com a idade de sénior. Em complemento, observou-se que a probabilidade dos atletas jovens femininas (i) participarem nos 60m, 60m barreiras e salto em altura, e serem finalistas no salto em altura em PC é grande, mas de serem medalhadas no salto em altura é moderada; e (ii) participarem nos 100m, 110m barreiras e salto em altura, e serem finalistas no salto em altura em AL também é grande, mas de serem medalhadas no salto em altura é pequena. A probabilidade dos jovens atletas masculinos (i) participarem nos 60m, 200m e salto em altura em PC é moderada, assim como a probabilidade de participarem nos 200m e salto em altura em AL.
CONCLUSÃO: Em geral, e independentemente do contexto da competição (PC ou AL), a participação de atletas jovens nos Campeonatos de Portugal (1990 a 2019) foi elevada (70-80%), mas a probabilidade de serem medalhados foi baixa. Contudo, no sexo feminino a probabilidade de serem finalistas no salto em altura é grande, mas de serem medalhadas é moderada (PC) ou baixa (AL).

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