Problems In The Training Of Chinese Rhythmic Gymnasts

Introduction
The Chinese National Rhythmic Gymnastics Team has set two goals - for the 2004 Olympic Games (Greece), the goal
is to qualify for the next round of competitions and even to rank the first six; for the 2008 Olympic Games (Beijing), the
goal is to rank the first three. To achieve these two goals, the Chinese National Rhythmic Gymnastics Team as a second
or even third-class team in the world must, first of all, catch up with the world level through a perfect training system
for standardized training.

Methods
237 subjects were selected for the present research, including coaches and athletes from the Chinese National Rhythmic
Gymnastics Team, the retired Chinese gymnastics masters who participated from 1983 to 2003 in the Olympic Games,
international championships, intercontinental competitions or Chinese National Games, coaches from different
provinces, medical staff and experts in the field of rhythmic gymnastics. Classification, calculation and data analysis are
made after careful studies of the training program for the Chinese National Rhythmic Gymnastics Team, the aftercompetition
summary reports and 60 daily records of training for the selected Olympic contestants.

Results
1. The Chinese rhythmic gymnasts are weak in athletic skills:
The research and statistics show that priority should be given to the improvements of the training system and the
coaches’ overall qualifications.
2. Factors in training
The results of the research show that the improvement of athletic skills is determined by skill factor, quality factor,
training arrangements factor, work load factor and physical injury factor.
2.1 poor basic skills and physical quality
The shortened process of training with quick end of basic training and early start of special training is no other than a
hidden peril to an athlete’s later career and success. Another obstacle to the athletic level of China’s rhythmic
gymnastics is insufficient improvement of physical quality.
2.2 unreasonable training arrangements
Impractical demands and unscientifically intensified training at the stage of basic training in order to raise the
athletic level have led to poor qualifications and low rate of success of China’s top rhythmic gymnasts, and have
consequently constituted another important reason for the low level of gymnastic training as a whole.
2.3 physical injury
Physical injury is incurred mainly from the regular technique training. It is often possible for a rhythmic gymnast to
suffer severe injuries to the waist and ankles, moderate injuries to the waist, insteps, knees and ankles, and minor
injuries to the insteps, ankle joints, waist and shoulder joints. Generally speaking, the most easily injured parts are
waist, ankles, insteps, knees and shoulders.

Conclusions
1. The factors in training are considerably responsible for the comparative weakness in athletic skills of China’
rhythmic gymnastics.
2. The gap in training level between Chinese rhythmic gymnasts and world-class athletes is caused by insufficiency of
training at each stage, poor basic skills of the gymnasts, insufficiency of physical quality training, overload in special
training and serious injury in physical exercises.
3. It is the most pressing task at present to work out a scientific, standardized and systematic training program for
China’s rhythmic gymnastics.

References
[1] Tian Maijiu & Wu Fuquan. (1981). Scientific Training of Sportsmen. Beijing, Renmin Physical Education Press.
[2] Ma Gengdi & Diao Zaizhen. (1995). Journal of Peking University, 2, 1995, 9-11.
[3] Ma Gengdi & Hou Xiaoyan. (1994). Sichuan Physical Education Science, 4, 1994, 22-23.
[4] Tian Maijiu. (1988). The Process of Sports Training. Chengdu, Sichuan Education Press.
[5] Fan Lianxiang & Kuang Li. (2001). Journal of Beijing University of Physical Education, 1, 112-115

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