Tempo de Tela, Atividade Física e Fatores de Risco Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as associações independentes e combinadas da atividade física e de diferentes tipos de tempo de tela com fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares (DCV ) em adolescentes. A amostra foi composta por 1.045 adolescentes (51,7% meninas) de 11 a 17 anos de idade selecionados aleatoriamente. O tempo de tela (TT) foi considerado a partir do autorrelato do tempo de médio diário assistindo TV, e usando computador (PV) e jogando videogame (VG). A atividade física foi estimada pelo número de passos (passos/dia) medido por pedômetros. Os fatores de risco para DCV foram o somatório de dobras cutâneas (∑DC), colesterol total (CT) e pressão arterial (PA). Preditores e desfechos foram dicotomizados usando pontos de corte padronizados. As categorias do passos/dia e TT foram combinadas. Diferentes variáveis sociodemográficas foram utilizadas como variáveis de ajuste. Para testar as associações independentes e combinadas foram utilizados teste qui-quadrado (brutas) e a regressão logística binária (ajustada). O tempo de TV se associou direta e independentemente com o ∑DC nas meninas e com o CT nos meninos. Os passos/ dia se associou inversa e independentemente com o CT e a PA (meninos). De maneira geral, as análises combinadas mostraram que adolescentes que não atendem as recomendações para passos/dia e TT apresentam probabilidade aumentada de estarem expostos a fatores de risco para doenças CDV. Programas de saúde pública para o aumento da atividade física e redução do tempo de tela, principalmente o tempo de TV, devem ser desenvolvidos para prevenção da saúde cardiovascular de adolescentes.

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