Obesidade e sua influência sobre o câncer: uma recente revisão da literatura

As taxas de obesidade têm aumentado em todo o mundo, sendo atualmente essa
condição reconhecida como a principal causa evitável de vários tipos de câncer. Objetivo:
Portanto, procurou-se realizar um levantamento das características clínicas que relacionam a
obesidade e os diferentes tipos de câncer, entre os anos de 2017 e 2020. Materiais e Métodos:
Revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas de evidências nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo
e LILACS, cuja questão norteadora foi: “Qual a sobre a influência da obesidade em relação
aos diferentes tipos de câncer?”. Resultados e Conclusões: Foram identificados 32 artigos,
dos quais 8 foram selecionados. A gordura corporal foi enfatizada como um fator de grande
impacto no desenvolvimento de neoplasias. Os dados sugerem que quatro em 10 tipos de
câncer são evitáveis por meio de mudanças no comportamento e padrão alimentar do indivíduo.
Estudos epidemiológicos têm mostrado uma forte ligação entre o fator dietético e a incidência
e prognóstico do câncer. Considerando que a dieta e o exercício físico são fatores modificáveis,
os projetos e as intervenções nos cuidados primários são essenciais para a prevenção da doença.
O entendimento dos mecanismos biológicos explica como um comportamento saudável
promove melhorias, destacando-se a importância da disseminação da informação às
populações de risco e na implementação de estratégias que ajudem os pacientes a fazer escolhas
melhores e mais saudáveis.

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