Resumo
Este trabalho tem por objetivos avaliar a capacidade funcional cardiorrespiratória ao exercício fisico dinâmico, e estudar a função autonômica cardiovascular em primigestas durante os períodos que compreendem o 2° e o 3° trimestres gestacionais. Para avaliação da capacidade funcional cardiorrespiratória foi realizado um protocolo contínuo de esforço em cic1oergômetro (pC - rampa de 10 watts/minuto) até a exaustão fisica, com registro contínuo da freqüência cardíaca materna (PC), pressão arterial (P A), produção de dióxido de carbono (v co 2)' consumo de oxigênio (-ir 02 ), ventilação ( v ), volume corrente (VC), fteqüência respiratória (FR), temperatura corporal e fteqüência cardíaca fetal (PCF) no repouso e no exercício. A resposta autonômica cardiovascular foi estudada por meio da avaliação do comportamento da fteqüência cardíaca (PC) e da pressão arterial (P A) materna durante as Manobras Postural Passiva (MPP) e Manobras de Valsalva nas posições supina e cócoras. Constatou-se, em repouso, maiores valores de ventilação, volume corrente e pressão arterial sistólica (p
Abstract: The aim of this study was to quantify the cardiorrespiratory functional capacity during the dynamic physical exerci se and to evaluate the cardiovascular autonomic function in primigravidas in the second and third trimester. To evaluate the cardiorrespiratory functional capacity it was conducted an exerci se test (continuous protocol) up to physical exhaustion, using a cycloergometer (ramp function - 10 watts/min). We continuously monitored the maternal heart rate (HR), the arterial blood pressure (BP), the C02 production (v co ,), 02 consumption (v 02), the ventilation (v), the tidal volume (VT), the respiratory rate (t), the body temperature and fetal heart rate (FHR), during rest and exercise condition. The autonomic cardiovascular function was achieved by studying the maternal HR. and BP responses during the Head-Up Tilt (HUT) and Valsalva Maneuver (VM). Comparing the 2M and 3m gestation trimester groups, in the last the values of ventilation, tidal volume and arterial blood pressure were higher (p<0.05) and the FHR values at supine position was lower. Considering the cardiorrespiratory variables during exercise, the peak v co, at the ventilation were higher for the 3m gestation trimester (p<0.05) and the v 02, the tidal volume (VT), the respiratory rate, and HR. was not statisticaIly significant comparing the groups (2M and 3m gestation trimester). The systolic arterial pressure increase was higher for the 3m gestation trimester (p<0.05), but the diastolic arterial pressure didn't change during the exerci se for both groups. The 3m gestation trimester group presented higher values of workload at anaerobic threshold (AT) and peak exercise conditions (p<0.05). At the beginning of the recovery phase, the body temperature was higher for this group. The FHR increased 15 minutes after the end of exerci se in this same group. During the HUT the maternal HR increased and the systolic arterial pressure decreased in the beginning of the test in both groups. In the VM the maternal HR changes was lower for the 3r4 gestation trimester group and was even smaller in the squat position. The systolic arterial pressure values increased for the 3r4 gestation trimester group, at supine and squat positions, and returned to baseline values during the recovery on1y in the squat position. The diastolic arterial pressure didn't change. These results suggest that the pregnant women during the 3r4 gestation trimester have lower basal metabolism, showed by the higher values of the ventilatory variables during rest condition, and that in the more advanced pregnancy could exist conditioning factors that determine the physical capacity of the preêlant.
